Development, validity, and reliability of a French expectancy-value questionnaire in physical education

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to develop a reliable and psychometrically sound French questionnaire related to the expectancy-value theory in physical education. Four stages were followed: (1) the development of a preliminary version based on the findings of a literature review on expectancy-value and a committee process validation; (2) a 1st study conducted on 354 secondary school students (Mage ���� 14.3, SD ���� 1.9) to establish the factor structure (exploratory factor analyses) and internal reliability (Cronbach’s alpha coefficients) of this questionnaire; (3) a 2nd study based on 282 secondary school students (Mage ���� 14.9, SD ���� 1.9) to verify the factor structure and internal reliability of the questionnaire and to test its predictive validity (multiple-regression analysis); (4) a 3rd study with 329 students (Mage ���� 13.7, SD ���� 1.6) to further test the factor structure (confirmatory factor analyses) and the temporal stability of the questionnaire. The results demonstrated strong support for the psychometric properties and factor structure of the question- naire. The final form of the questionnaire consists of a 4-factor structure based on 17 items that evaluate expectancy-related beliefs (6 items) and subjective task values in physical education (4 items for attainment value, 3 items for utility value, and 4 items for intrinsic interest value). This questionnaire will be useful for the development of future studies based on expectancy-value model in secondary school physical education in French-language countries.